209. Minimum Size Subarray Sum
Given an array of n positive integers and a positive integer s, find the minimal length of a contiguous subarray of which the sum ≥ s. If there isn’t one, return 0 instead.
Example:
Input:s = 7, nums = [2,3,1,2,4,3]
Output: 2 Explanation: the subarray[4,3]
has the minimal length under the problem constraint.
Follow up:If you have figured out the O(n) solution, try coding another solution of which the time complexity is O(n log n).
给定一个正整数数组和一个数s,要求从数组中找出最短的子串,使得子串的和大于等于s。
解法1,双指针法,O(n)。维护两个指针left和right,初始时都为0,我们的目标就是使[left,right)的和大于等于s。所以先right右移,直到和大于等于s,此时尝试缩小区间,即left也右移,在右移的过程中,更新最短子串长度,且累加和要减去left指向的数。这样不断的先移right,后移left,并更新最短长度。
代码如下,非常简洁易懂。
class Solution {
public:
int minSubArrayLen(int s, vector<int>& nums)
{
int n = nums.size(), left = 0, right = 0, sum = 0, ans = INT_MAX;
while (right < n) {
while (right < n && sum < s)
sum += nums[right++];
while (left <= right && sum >= s) {
ans = min(ans, right – left);
sum -= nums[left++];
}
}
return ans == INT_MAX ? 0 : ans;
}
};
本代码提交AC,用时13MS。
解法2,二分查找,O(nlgn)。我们先想想暴力方法,枚举每个left,从left开始枚举right,直到累加和第一次超过sum,更新最短长度。这样两层循环,时间复杂度是O(n^2)的。有没有办法把内层查找right的时间复杂度降低呢?
遇到子数组和的问题,马上要想到借助累加和数组。所以我们先求到原数组的累加和数组accuSum[n+1],其中accuSum[i]等于原数组中前i-1个数之和。我们利用accuSum来循环right,对于每个left,它要找一个right,使得left和right之间的和大于等于s,也就相当于在accuSum中找一个right,使得accuSum[right]>=accuSum[left]+s,等价于accuSum[right]-accuSum[left]>=s,即left到right的累加和大于等于s。因为原数组是正整数数组,所以accuSum是递增有序的,所以我们可以在accuSum中二分查找。即查找right的复杂度降为了O(lgn),所以总的复杂度就是O(nlgn)了。
完整代码如下:
class Solution {
private:
int searchRight(vector<int>& accuSum, int l, int r, int target)
{
while (l <= r) {
int m = l + (r – l) / 2;
if (accuSum[m] == target)
return m;
else if (accuSum[m] > target)
r = m – 1;
else
l = m + 1;
}
return l;
}
public:
int minSubArrayLen(int s, vector<int>& nums)
{
int n = nums.size(), ans = INT_MAX;
vector<int> accuSum(n + 1, 0);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
accuSum[i] = accuSum[i – 1] + nums[i – 1];
for (int left = 0; left < n; ++left) {
int right = searchRight(accuSum, left, accuSum.size() – 1, accuSum[left] + s);
if (right == n + 1)
break;
ans = min(ans, right – left);
}
return ans == INT_MAX ? 0 : ans;
}
};
本代码提交AC,用时16MS。]]>